Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (IJPP) an open access, peer-reviewed quarterly journal publishing since 2014 and being published under auspices of the Innovative Education and Scientific Research Foundation (IESRF). The aim of faster and better dissemination of knowledge, we will be publishing article ‘Ahead of Print’ immediately on acceptance. In addition, the journal would allow free access (Open Access) to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in IJPP.Manuscripts must be prepared in accordance with “Uniform requirements for M...
A Pharmacological Review on Cyclooxygenase Enzyme
Page: 46-58
This review provides brief summary of structure, physiology and pharmacological role of Cyclooxygenase. Cyclooxygenase, an enzyme involved in the production of prostaglandins, exists in two isoforms, third isoform has been recently encountered. COX-1 is constitutively expressed and has a gastroprotective function. COX-2, induced at the site of injury, is responsible for the expression of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. Despite overall similarities, COX-1 and COX-2 show subtle differences in amino acid composition at the active sites. COX-2 has valine at positions 89 and 523, while COX-1 has isoleucine, resulting in larger space availability in the former. Further, the presence of valine at position 434 in COX-2 as against isoleucine in COX-1 allows a gate mechanism to operate in favour of the former. The activity of cyclo-oxygenase-1 and 2 results in the production of a variety of potent biological mediators (the prostaglandins) that regulate homeostatic and disease processes.
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